This cactus is worked in the round from the bottom starting with the pot, then yarn is attached seamlessly to start the cactus. The small ball and flower are made separately and sewn on. The measurements are from the tallest and widest parts of the finished item, not including the key ring. Use a crochet hook that gives you a fabric that is tight enough for no stuffing to show through when full. I prefer using a D hook, which is the smallest that I can comfortably use and the fabric comes out tight and no holes form when finished. The flower in this pattern is a piece that only uses approximately 2 yards of yarn, so this is a great way to use up any small scraps of bright yarn that you have, and to make many different options! This is a super cute gift, or item that you can sell with a bunch of different flower colors